Conjugation of the verb ich bin. Sein and haben - German online - Start Deutsch. Choosing an auxiliary verb: H ABEN or SEIN

Conjugation of the verb SEIN - to be in the present tense:

Interrogative sentence (general question - “Yes-No” answer)

An interrogative sentence without a question word (a general question that requires a yes/no answer) begins with a verb. The subject follows:

Arbeiten Sie am Abend? - Ja, ich arbeite am Abend.
Ist dein Vater Lehrer? - Ja, mein Vater ist Lehrer.

1. Insert the verb sein in the appropriate form.

1. Ich... in Berlin. 2. Sie - she ... in Bremen. 3. Wir... in Munich. 4. Du... in Hamburg. 5. Sie - she ... in Köln. 6. Sie - they... in Wien. 7. Ich... in Moscow. 8. Er...in Paris. 9. Ihr...in Rom. 10. Felix... in Leipzig. 11. Du... in Bonn. 12. Ich... in St. Petersburg. 13. Wir... in Madrid. 14. Ihr... in Prag. 15. Sie - they... in Minsk. 16. Du... in London. 17. Sie - she ... in Helsinki. 18. Ich... in Russia. 19. Ihr... in Germany. 20. Er... in Italian. 21. Wir...in Spanien. 22. Paul und Jan... in Finnland. 23. Julia... in Japan. 24. Ihr...in Schweden. 25. Manuel...in Polen.

2. Answer the questions. Remember the meaning and usage of the word gern. Pay attention to the use of the polite form Sie.

Beispiel: Kochen Sie gern? - Ja, ich koche gern. / Nein, ich koche nicht gern.

1. Lernen Sie germen? 2. Singen Sie germen? 3. Tanzen Sie germen? 4. Lesen Sie germen? 5. Reisen Sie germen? 6. Essen Sie germen? 7. Arbeiten Sie germen? 8. Schlafen Sie germen? 9. Schwimmen Sie germen? 10. Essen Sie gern Fisch? 11. Essen Sie germen Fleisch? 12. Essen Sie gern Bananen? 13. Essen Sie gern Eis? 14. Trinken Sie gern Bier? 15. Lernen Sie germen Deutsch? 16. Schreiben Sie gern E-Mails? 17. Hören Sie gern Musik? 18. Spielen Sie germen Fußball? 19. Gehen Sie gern ins Kino?

3. Ask and answer questions.

Beispiel: Kochen Sie gut? → Ja, ich koche gut. / Nein, ich koche nicht gut.

1. Arbeiten Sie viel? 2. Lesen Sie viel? 3. Schlafen Sie viel? 4. Schlafen Sie gut? 5. Reisen Sie germen? 6. Lesen Sie germen? 7. Lernen Sie viel? 8. Arbeiten Sie germen? 9. Sprechen Sie schnell? 10. Singen Sie germen? 11. Schlafen Sie germen? 12. Essen Sie germen? 13. Heißen Sie Anna? 14. Schwimmen Sie germen? 15. Singen Sie gut? 16. Essen Sie wenig? 17. Reisen Sie viel? 18. Tanzen Sie gut? 19. Lernen Sie germen? 20. Baden Sie germen? 21. Tanzen Sie germen? 22. Arbeiten Sie wenig? 23. Lernen Sie wenig? 24. Sitzen Sie viel? 25. Gehen Sie schnell? 26. Hören Sie gern Musik? 27. Trinken Sie viel Bier? 28. Lernen Sie germen Deutsch? 29. Trinken Sie gern Wein? 30. Essen Sie oft Bananen? 31. Lesen Sie gern Krimis? 32. Gehen Sie oft ins Café? 33. Essen Sie gern Eis? 34. Trinken Sie germen Tee? 35. Essen Sie oft Fisch? 36. Lesen Sie oft Romane? 37. Essen Sie germen Fleisch? 38. Gehen Sie oft ins Kino? 39. Trinken Sie gern Saft? 40. Hören Sie gern Popmusik? 41. Spielen Sie germen Fußball?

Homework:

4. Translate into German.

1. Are you going to the cinema? - Yes, I'm going to the cinema. 2. Anna is learning Spanish? - No, she’s learning Russian. 3. Is he in Berlin? - No, he is in Cologne. 4. Does Gabi live in Munich? - No, she lives in Bremen. 5. Does Peter like to cook? - No, he doesn't like to cook. He loves to sing. 6. Is your (polite) name Frank? - No, my name is not Frank. 7. Do you (polite) speak German? - Yes, I speak German. 8. Will he come today? - Yes, he will come today. 9. You are going home? - Yes, we're going home. 10. They speak English? - Yes, they speak English. 11. Do you often play football? - No, I don’t play football often. 12. Do you - (polite) buy a lot? - No, I don’t buy much. 13. You understand everything? - No, I don’t understand everything. 14. Do you drink wine? - No, I drink juice. 15. Do you like listening to music? - Yes, we love listening to music.

Conjugation of the verbs haben and sein in the present

Let me remind you that present (Präsens) is the present tense of the verb. Verbs haben"have" and sein“to be, to appear” are the most frequent in the German language, since their functions are very diverse. Beginners learning German, as a rule, take them up at the very first steps, because it is impossible to do without it. It is important to know that these verbs are irregular, since the formation of their forms in the present tense (and not only in the present) differs from the generally accepted one. But there is no harm in this: frequency verbs quickly enter the vocabulary of beginners, since they will have to work with them very often. And in the future, conjugating irregular verbs will become automatic. Actually, let's move on to verbs.

In Russian we say: “I am an actor”, “you are a teacher”, “he is a student”. The Germans literally say: “I am an actor,” “you are a teacher,” “he is a student.” In this case we use the verb sein, which has various shapes. If we want to say “I have (something or someone)”, we use the verb haben. Literally, the Germans say “I have (something or someone).” To say all this in German depending on person, number and gender, refer to the table below.

The table is quite easy to navigate. You associate the desired personal pronoun (§ 15) with the desired verb and then put the word you need (nouns take the required number). For example, verb sein with a noun:

You can, for example, say “I am good”, “he is bad”. In this case, after the verb there is a regular adjective without any changes.

With verb haben in the same way, just don’t forget about articles (§ 7), if they are needed. And one more thing... since you can have anything and in any quantity, nouns can be in any number.

There are some stable phrases like Zeit haben"to have time" Unterricht haben"to have classes" Angst haben“to be afraid”, which can be without an article.

• Ich muss los. Ich habe keine Zeit.- I have to go. I have no time.
• Heute habe ich Unterricht.- Today I have classes.
• Ich habe Angst vor diesem Hund.- I'm afraid of this dog.

Verbs sein And haben also participate in the formation of various tense constructions as auxiliary verbs. More on this in other paragraphs.

Ich bin Lehrer.

Du bist Lehrer.

Er(sie,es) ist Lehrer(in).

Wir sind Lehrer.

Ihr seid Lehrer.

Sie,sie sind Lehrer.

Remember!

Pronoun ihr(2nd person plural) is used when addressing a group of people, with each of whom you no misters". Pronoun "Sie"(polite form) is used when addressing one or more people with whom you to "YOU":

Kinder, ihr seid fleissig.

Herr Mühler, Sie sind der Nächste.

Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, jetzt sind Sie in unserer schönen Stadt.

Exercise 4. Fill in the missing pronouns. Pay attention to the word order in the sentence.

1.Wo sind die Kinder? - …sind jetzt im Garten. 2. Was bist... von Beruf? - ... bin Kaufmann. 3. Seid... zufrieden? – Ja, ... sind zufrieden. 4. Bist ... schon lange zu Hause? – Ja, ... bin schon lange hier.5. Ist Karin noch Studentin? – Nein, ... ist schon Lehrerin. 6. Herr Müller, sind ... heute im Büro? – Nein, ...bin heute nicht im Büro. ...bin heute in der Fabrik. 7. ... ist Arzt.8. ...sind Freunde. 9. Ist...eine bekannte Schriftstellerin? 10. Mein Bruder ist Schüler. ... ist heute in der Schule. 11. Das ist meine Familie. ... ist nicht besonders gross. 12. Seid ... schon fertig? 13. Wessen Bücher sind das? – Das sind meine Bücher, ... sind interessant. 14. ... bin heute mude.

Exercise 5. Insert verb sein in present tense forms. Pay attention to the word order in the question sentence.

1. Ich...Student. 2. Mein Vater...Wissenschaftler. 3. ...deine Tante Lehrerin? – Ja, sie...Lehrerin. 4. ...sie schon zu Hause? – Nein, sie .. noch nicht zu Hause., sie .. noch in der Schule. 5. Mein Bruder...Arbeiter. Er...in der Fabrik. 6. ... du Ingenieur? – Ja, ich... Ingenieur. 7. ... deine Schwester Sekräterin? – Nein, sie... Dolmetscherin. 8. Wo...meine Sachen? – Sie...im Tisch. 9. Ich habe eine grosse Familie. Wir... fünf. Meine Mutter... Ärztin. Mein Vater... auch Arzt. Ich habe zwei Schwestern. Sie...Studentinnen. Sie... jetzt in Moscow. 10. Wer...hier? – Hier... ich. 11. Ihr...unhöflich. 12. Moskau... eine grosse Stadt. 13. Moskau und St.Petersburg ... zwei grösste Städte Russlands.

14. Wessen Hefte...das? – Das...unsere Hefte. 15. ...ihr jetzt Studenten? – Ja, wir ... jetzt Studenten der Moskauer Universität

Pay attention to the word order in a simple sentence:

In a declarative sentence, the conjugated part of the predicate always stands In second place.

Er ist Lehrer. Wir sind Studenten. Ich bin hier.

In an interrogative sentence without a question word, the conjugated part of the predicate comes first:

Ist er Lehrer? Sindh sie Studenten? Bist du hier?

In an interrogative sentence with a question word, the conjugated part of the predicate is In second place:

Was ist er von Beruf? Wo sind die Studenten? Wo bist du?

Exercise 6 sein in present tense forms. Pay attention to the word order in declarative and interrogative sentences.

1. He is a student. He's at school today. 2. Are you a student? - No, I’m already a teacher. 3. What is your profession? - I am a doctor. 4. Children, are you home already? - Yes, we have been home for a long time. 5. There are five of us in the family. My sisters are still small. They are in kindergarten. And I'm already a student. 6. Is mom at home? - No, she’s not at home, she’s at the factory. 7. My aunt is a doctor. She's in the hospital today. 8. My father is a teacher. He's not at home now. 9. Is your sister a secretary? - No, she is a translator. 10. We are satisfied. 11. He is still small. 12. Rolf and Monica are friends. 13. Who's home? - Mom and dad are at home. The whole family (die ganze Familie) is at home. 14. How old are you? - I am 14 years old.

Exercise 7. Translate into German using the verb sein in present tense forms.

1. Whose things are these? - These are my things. 2. Whose book is this? - It is my book. 3. Whose table is this? - This is our table. 4. Is this your table? - Yes, this is my table. 5. Where is your table? - Here is my table. 6. Where is your mother? - She's in the store. 7. Where is your brother? - He is at school. 8. Are these your books? - No, these are not my books. 9. Are these your friends? - Yes, these are my friends. 10. Guys, are you ready yet? 11. Is Mr. Muller at home today? - Mr. Müller is not at home today. He is at work. 12. Today we are at work.

In German, the verb (vb) sein can be called the main verb. With its help, tenses and other language structures, as well as idioms, are constructed. German verb. sein in its functionality is an analogue of the English verb. to be. It has the same meaning and also changes its form when conjugated.

German verb. sein as an independent verb. in its full lexical meaning it is translated as “to be.” In the present tense (Präsens) it is conjugated as follows:

Singular (singular)

Ic h (I) – bin (there is)

Du (you) – bist (there is)

Er/sie/es (he/she/it) - ist (is)

Plural (plural)

Wir (we) - sind (there is)

Ihr (you) - seid (there is)

Sie/sie (You/they) - sind (there is)

In the past incomplete tense (Präteritum) it is conjugated as follows:

Singular (singular)

Ich (I) – war (was/was)

Du (you) – warst (was/was)

Er/sie/es (he/she/it) - war (was/was/was)

Plural (plural)

Wir (we) - waren (were)

Ihr (you) - wart (were)

Sie/sie (You/they) - waren (were)

The third form of the verb sein – gewesen is not conjugated.

According to its structure, a German sentence cannot exist without verbs; in the case of the verb sein, when translating, we do not always translate it.

For example: Ich bin der Zahnarzt und meine Ehefrau ist die Deutschlehrerin. – I am a dentist, and my wife is a German teacher.

Heute sind sehr viele Programme in diesem Gebiet. – Today there are many programs in this area.

We can use the German verb. sein in twelve different shades:

- 1. when indicating (indicative) the quality, condition or status of someone or something: Das Wetter ist gut. - Good weather. Meine Mutter ist die Hausfrau. - My mom is a housewife.

- 2. when indicated. and the location or location of someone or something: Weißt du, wo meine Schlüssel sind? - Do you know where my keys are?

- 3. when indicated. time and place of someone's event: Weißt du noch, wann die erste Mondlandung war? – Do you know when the first moon landing was?

— 4.+ zu + Infinitiv when specified. to the fact that something is going to happen or something needs to be done: Die Rechnung ist innerhalb von 5 Tagen zu überweisen. – The invoice must be paid within 5 days.

- 5. + zu + Infinitiv when indicated. to the fact that something else can be done (taking into account spiritual, physical or material factors): Diese Schachpartie ist noch zu gewinnen. – This game of chess can still be won.

- 6. (gerade) bei etw./am + substantiviertem Infinitiv when indicated. to the fact that someone is doing something right now: Er ist gerade dabei, das Fahrrad zu reparieren. - He is repairing his bicycle now.

— 7. when indicated. to the fact that someone or something comes from a certain place: Ich komme aus der Ukraine. - I'm from Ukraine.

— 8. when indicated. to the fact that something came from someone: Ich weiß nicht, von wem diese Blumen sind. – I don’t know who these flowers are from.

— 9. when indicated. to have a positive or negative attitude towards someone or something: Monika ist dafür, dass wir heute eine Party machen. - Monica (she likes) that we are having a party today. Ich bin gegen diesen Ausflug. - I am against this campaign.

- 10. upon notification that someone is no longer alive: Seine Frau ist nicht mehr. - His wife is no longer there.

- 11. when indicating someone’s condition: Ich muss ausgehen, mir ist schlecht. - I need to go out, I feel bad.

- 12. when indicating your attitude towards something: Nach so viel Stress war mir nicht nach Feiern. – After such stress, I had no time for celebrations.

In addition to the fact that the German verb. sein is used as an independent verb, it can perform the function of an auxiliary verb. to form the past tense forms Perfekt and Plusquamperfekt.

When forming the past complete tense (Perfekt), sein, as an auxiliary verb. conjugates in the present tense and comes second in a simple preposition, and the perfect participle of the main verb. stands at the very end: Gestern bin ich nach München gefahren. – Yesterday I went to Munich.

Auxiliary verb. sein forms Perfekt only with verbs denoting movement, change of state, as well as exceptions: sein (to be), werden (to become), bleiben (to stay), begegnen (to meet), gelingen (to succeed), misslingen (to fail), geschehen (happen), passieren (happen).

When forming the past complete tense (Perfekt), sein, as an auxiliary verb. conjugates in the past tense Präteritum and comes second in a simple sentence, and is the perfect participle of the main verb. stands at the very end: Sie waren seit langem nach Belgien umgezogen. – They moved to Belgium a long time ago.

With additional explanations.

What you can do after this lesson:
Tell us your name, what you do (study, work, retire), where you live, how old you are
Use phrases that Germans often use in their daily lives

The German language has the following pronouns:

The iron rule of the German language: All verbs in German always have a stem plus the ending -en or simply -n

Wohnen (live)
denken (to think)
heißen (to name, to be called)
lernen (to teach)
studieren (to study)
verdienen (earn)
arbeiten (to work)
kommen (to come, to come)
sprechen (to speak)
speichern (save, save)

In order to correctly put the verb into the required form, for example, the verb “to live” – wohnen, and to say “he lives” and not “he lives”, you need to remove this ending -en and, depending on the pronoun, add the following endings to the stem verb:

Ich wohn+e – I live
Du wohn+st - you live
Er, sie, es wohn+t – he, she, it lives
Wir wohn+en – we live
Ihr wohn+t – you live
Sie, sie wohn+en - You live, they live

The verb “to think” that is often used in life is denken:

Ich denk+e – I think
Du denk+st – you think
Er, sie, es denk+t – he, she, it thinks
Wir denk+en – we think
Ihr denk+t – you think
Sie, sie denk+en - You think, they think

The verb heißen is to call, to be called (the letter ß is read as “ss”). Without it, you cannot introduce yourself or ask what the name of this or that object is. It changes a little not according to the rules, but at this stage you just need to remember it.

Ich heiße - my name is
Du heißt - your name is
Er,sie,es heißt – his, her name; it is called
Wir heißen – our name is
Ihr heißt - your name is
Sie, sie heißen - Your name is; calling them

The iron rule of the German language: VERB always comes in 2nd place!

Exercise 1.
Ich heiß _______ Peter. (heißen – to call, to be called)
Ich lern _______ Deutsch. (lernen – to teach)
Ich wohn ________ in Moskau. (wohnen - live; in Moskau - in Moscow)
Ich studier _________ nicht. (studieren – teach, study, nicht – not)
Ich verdien ________ gut. (verdienen – earn, gut – good)
Aber ich arbeit ________ viel. (aber – but; arbeiten – to work; viel – a lot)
Mein Freund komm ________ aus Deutschland. (mein Freund - my friend; kommen - to come, to come; aus Deutschland - from Germany)
Er heiß ________ Richard.
Er arbeit _________ hier auch. (also – also)
Er wohn _________ in Moscow.

Exercise 2.
Ihr lern _______ Deutsch.
Wir studier ________ viel.
Du wohn __________ in Moscow.
Ihr studier _________ zusammen. (zusammen – together)
Sie (she) lern ________ hier.
Er arbeit ________ dort. (dort – there)
Die Gruppe arbeit ________ zusammen. (die Gruppe - group)

You may have noticed that some words in the exercises are capitalized.

Iron rule of the German language: All nouns are written with a capital letter.

Now let's add your age to this. Let's limit ourselves to those numerals that are most often used in life.

To the numerals we will add another very important verb in the German language, sein - “to be”. Analogous to the English “to be”. In Russian, the dash is often replaced or simply omitted.

Foreigners say:
I am a man. It's in the park. She is at home. We are in Kyiv. They are happy. I am sick. She is healthy.
We are speaking:
I am a man. He (is) in the park. She (is) at home. We (are) in Kyiv. They (are) happy. I (am) sick. She (is) healthy.

The verb does not change according to the rules, you just need to remember:

Using the verb sein you can talk about age:

Ich bin sechsundzwanzig(26) Jahre alt (literally “I am 26 years old”) - I am 26 years old.
Er ist vierzig(40) Jahre alt – he is 40 years old.
Du bist zwanzig(20) Jahre alt - you are 20 years old.

Exercise 3. Verb sein (to be).
Ich _____ Student. (student)
Ich _____ faul. (lazy)
Ich ______ nicht verheiratet. (verheiratet sein - to be married, to be married; nicht - not)
Sie _____ ledig. (ledig – unmarried, unmarried)
Der Text ______ schwer. (der Text – text, schwer – complex)
Der Platz hier _______ frei. (der Platz – place; hier – here; frei – free)
Wir _______ aus Moscow. (aus Moskau – from Moscow)
Das ______ ein Zimmer. (das Zimmer – room)
Das _______ die Leute. (die Leute – people)
Main Name _______ Alexander. (mein Name - my name)
Du _______ mein Freund. (mein Freund - my friend)
Du ______ toll. (toll – super, class)
Ich ______ der Rentner. (der Rentner - pensioner)

Language support: http://speakasap.com/pomosh_v_nemeckom_yazyke.html ( [email protected])

Let's sum it up:

You can already tell what your name is, where you live, where you work, where you come from, whether you earn good money, whether you study or work, how old you are.

Phrases that Germans use with the verb sein:
Das ist toll! – this is great, class!
Das ist wunderbar! - it's amazing!
Das ist köstlich – it’s delicious
Ich bin müde - I'm tired
Ich bin zufrieden - I am satisfied
Ich bin unzufrieden - I am dissatisfied
Ich bin satt - I'm full, I'm full
Ich bin fertig - I'm ready

The familiar phrase Das ist phantastisch! in 3 years of living in Austria and Germany I have never heard a German speak :)
Yes, and the Germans don't say arbEIten, they say Arbeiten with an emphasis on the first letter. This is how the knowledge of the German language reaches us in a slightly distorted way.
If you don’t want to be deported or completely ignored in Germany, it’s better not to shout phrases like Hände hoch, nicht schießen, Hitler kaput at every corner, demonstrating your erudition :)